MEDIA LAWS AND REGULATORY
AUTHORITIES IN SOME EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
This list of media laws and regulatory authorities
in 37 European countries is based on information received through the
EPRA website and other Internet sites, in addition to some direct contacts
in other countries.
Registered media laws are for the most part broadcasting acts, but also
other acts which have as one aim to protect and promote freedom of expression
and media pluralism are in some cases included, for instance press laws.
Regulatory authorities are, broadly speaking, the members of EPRA. The
legislation is in English or French (or in one of the Scandinavian languages
in addition to English).
The list is made by
Sigve Gramstad (sg@eierskapstilsynet.no) Norwegian Media Ownership Authority.
Albania
Medialaw
Not available
National Council of Radio and Television
http://www.kkrt.gov.al/
Austria
Medialaw
http://www.rtr.at/web.nsf/englisch/Rundfunk~Regulierung~Rechtsinfos~Rechtsinformationen~Gesetze?OpenDocument
(overview in German)
KommAustria
http://www.rtr.at/web.nsf
Belgium
Medialaw
http://csa.cfwb.be/documentations/textes_decrets.asp
Conseil supérieur de l’audiovisuel (French)
http://www.csa.cfwb.be/first.asp
Vlaams Commissariaat voor de Media (Flemish)
http://www2.vlaanderen.be/ned/sites/media/vcm.htm
Bosnia Herzegovina
Law on Communications and decisions related to that
http://www.ohr.int/decisions/econdec/default.asp?content_id=28250
Communication Regulatory Agency
http://www.cra.ba/
Bulgaria
Medialaw
not yet available in English/French
Council of Electronic Media
http://www.cem.bg/en/index_en.htm
Croatia
Medialaw
Not available
Register of media owners
http://www.vlada.hr/english/documents.html
Overview of radio and TV companies
http://www.vlada.hr/english/documents.html
Reguleringsorgan
Not known
Cyprus
Medialaw
Not available
Cypros Radio-Television Authority
(no internet service yet)
Czech Republic
Broadcasting Act
http://www.rrtv.cz/zakony_en/broadcasting_act2001.html
Council for Radio and TV Broadcasting in the Czech Republic
http://www.rrtv.cz/en/
Denmark
Broadcasting Act (Lov om radio- og TV-virksomhed)
http://www.kum.dk/sw2276.asp (med lovendring 8.5.2002: http://www.kum.dk/sw4696.asp)
Radio and Television Board (Medie- og tilskudssekretariatet)
http://www.mediesekretariat.dk/
Estonia
Broadcasting Act
http://www.kul.ee/index.php?path=325
Estonian Broadcasting Council
(no internet service yet)
Finland
Broadcasting Acts
http://www.mintc.fi/www/sivut/svenska/tele/masskommunikation/index.html
(overview in Swedish)
The Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority - FICORA
http://www.ficora.fi/englanti/index.html
France
Media laws (overview over all French texts, decrees and laws on communication)
http://www.csa.fr/infos/textes/texte_accueil.php
Broadcasting Act (in French)
http://www.iue.it/Personal/JMF/Harcourt/Loi94-88.doc
Press Law (in French)
http://www.iue.it/Personal/JMF/Harcourt/Loi86-1210.doc
Law on Freedom of Communication (in French)
http://www.iue.it/Personal/JMF/Harcourt/Loi86-1067.doc
Law on Press Transparency (French)
http://www.iue.it/Personal/JMF/Harcourt/Loi84-148.doc
Conseil Supérieur de l’Audiovisuel
http://www.csa.fr/
Germany
Legal basis
http://www.alm.de/index2.htm
Direktorenkonferenz der Landesmedienanstalten DLM
http://www.alm.de/index2.htm
Greece
Medialaw
Not available
National Council for Radio and Television
(no internet service yet)
Hungary
Act on Radio and Television Services
(act with amendments in 2002 not yet available in the Internet. Contact
ehorvath@ortt.hu)
National Radio and Television Commission ORTT
http://www.ortt.hu/
Iceland
Broadcasting Act
http://government.is/mrn/mrn-eng.nsf/75088b6a62cc20e9 002568f5003ab625/aeb41d16df77b38700256a99003cc5bb?OpenDocument
Regulatory Body
Not known
Ireland
Broadcasting Act 2001
http://www.gov.ie/oireachtas/frame.htm
The Broadcasting Commission of Ireland
http://www.bci.ie/
Israel
The second Television and Radio Authority Law (1990)
Not available
Council for Cable and Satellite Broadcasting
http://www.moc.gov.il/moc/doa_iis.dll/Serve/item/English/1.1.7.1.html
2nd Authority for Television and Radio
http://www.channel2.co.il/
Italy
The regulation of the Media: http://www.agcom.it/eng/reports_docs/resp_reg.htm
(overview)
Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Communicazioni – AGCOM
http://www.agcom.it/
Latvia
The Radio and Television Law
http://www.nrtp.lv/en/Law.doc
National Broadcasting Council
http://www.nrtp.lv/
Lithuania
Law on provision of information to the public
http://www.rtk.lt/downloads/Law.doc
Lithuanian Radio and Television Commission
http://www.rtk.lt/
Luxembourg
Medialaw- loi du 27 juillet 1991 sur les medias électroniques
http://www.legilux.lu/
Conseil National des Programmes
(no internet service yet)
Macedonia
Broadcasting Law
http://www.srd.org.mk/en/default.asp?pBroj=100&stID=30
Law on the establishment of the public enterprise Macedonian radio-television
http://www.srd.org.mk/en/default.asp?pBroj=100&stID=33
Republic of Macedonia Broadcasting Council
http://www.srd.org.mk/mk/
Malta
Broadcasting Act
http://www.ba-malta.org/
Malta Broadcasting Authority
http://www.ba-malta.org/
Netherlands
The Media Act
http://www.cvdm.nl/pages/english.asp?m=a&
The Media Decree
http://www.cvdm.nl/pages/english.asp?m=e&&flash=5&flash=5
Commissariaat voor de Media
http://www.cvdm.nl/pages/home.asp?flash=5
Norway
Media Ownership Act (medieeigarskapslova)
http://www.eierskapstilsynet.no/regelverk/eigarskapslova.doc
http://www.eierskapstilsynet.no/regelverk/eierskapsloven-engelsk.doc
Broadcasting Act (kringkastingslova)
http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19921204-127.html
http://www.ub.uio.no/ujur/ulovdata/lov-19921204-127-eng.doc
Media Ownership Authority (Eigarskapstilsynet)
http://www.eierskapstilsynet.no/
Mass Media Authority (Statens medieforvaltning)
http://www.smf.no
Poland
The Broadcasting Act
http://www.krrit.gov.pl/stronykrrit/english.htm
National Broadcasting Council – KRRT
http://www.krrit.gov.pl/
Portugal
Television legislation
http://www.icp.pt/template16.jsp?categoryId=5521
Radio legislation
http://www.icp.pt/template16.jsp?categoryId=5436
Alta Autoridade para a Comunicação Social – AACS
http://www.aacs.pt/
Romania
Audio-visual Law
http://www.cna.ro/eng/index_en.html
National Audiovisual Council CNA
http://www.cna.ro/
Slovak Republic
Act on Broadcasting and Retransmission
http://www.rada-rtv.sk/
Council for Broadcasting and Retransmission of the Slovak Republic
http://www.rada-rtv.sk/
Slovenia
Mass Media Act
http://www.gov.si/srd/eng/index.html
Broadcasting Council
http://www.gov.si/srd/
Spain
1988 Private Television Act
Not available
Telecommunication Market Commission
http://www.cmt.es/cmt/index2.html
Audiovisual Council of Catalonia
http://www.audiovisualcat.net/
Sweden
Radio and TV Act (Radio- och TV Lag)
http://www.rtvv.se/english/pdf/rtvact.pdf
Swedish Broadcasting Commission
http://www.grn.se/grn_index.asp
Radio and TV Authority
http://www.rtvv.se/
Switzerland
Federal law on Radio and Television
http://www.ofcom.ch/imperia/md/content/english/rtv/4.pdf
Radio and Television Decree (in French)
http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/7/784.401.fr.pdf
Office Fédéral de la Communication - FCOM
http://www.ofcom.ch/en/
Independent Complaints Commission – UBI/AIEP
http://www.ubi.admin.ch/
Turkey
Law on the Establishment of Radio and TV Enterprises and their Broadcast
Laws
http://www.rtuk.org.tr/ying3984.htm
Turkish Radio and TV Supreme Council RTÜK
http://www.rtuk.org.tr/
Ukraine
Medialaw
Not available
National Council of TV and Radio Broadcasting
http://www.nradatvr.kiev.ua/ (in Ukraine)
United Kingdom
Broadcasting Act of 1990 and 1996
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1990/Ukpga_19900042_en_1.htm
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1996/1996055.htm
Draft Communication Bill
http://www.communicationsbill.gov.uk/
Independent Television Commission
http://www.itc.org.uk/
Radio Authority
http://www.radioauthority.org.uk/index.html
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